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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
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Adult male health maintenance(Cardiovascular)
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BP and Cholesterol(ECG, AAA, CT for CAD is not cost effective for non-symptomatic patients)AAA - recommended for adults >65-75 yo with smoking history.
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Adult male health maintenance(Cancer)
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FOBT (annually) sigmoidoscopy (3-5years)Colonoscopy (every 10 years)Screening for prostate cancer (PSA or digital exam), CXR for lung cancer, bladder, testicular, or pancreatic cancer is not cost effective for asymptomatic patient.
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Adult male health maintenance(immunization)
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Tdap (booster every 10 years)Influenza vaccine (annually)Pneumococcal vaccine (>65yo) if vaccinated while younger than 65 or 5 years ago.Varicella (old or no reliable history)Meningococcal vaccine (military or college dormitory)
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Asthma vs COPD
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Both show, dyspnea and wheezing symptoms.Asthma - occurs early, not associated with smoking.COPD - occurs midlife or later, strong association with smoking.Treatment is same: O2, bronchodilators and steroids.
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Asthma or COPD drugs
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B2 agonist - albuterolAnticholinergic (inhaled) - ipratropium (used with B2 agonist)Corticosteroids - oral, IM, or IVLong acting Bronchodilators- B2 agonist - salmeterol Anticholinergic - tiotropium Oral methylxanthines - aminophylline, theophyllineInhaled steroids (fluticasone, triamcinolone, mometasone) - do not effect the declining lung function but decrease the frequency of exacerbations.
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COPD (different kinds)
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AsthmaEmphysema - enlargement of respiratory bronchioles and alveoli caused by destruction of lung tissue.Chronic bronchitis - cough and aputum production at least 3 months in 2 consecutive years.alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency - allowing protease to destroy lung tissue causing obstruction.
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COPD (diagnostic testing)
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Pulmonary function test.(FEV1/FVC) should be 0.7 for normal but b/c COPD patients have difficult time expiring the air, FEV1 should decrease dramatically. FVC also decreases b/c most air are trapped.
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COPD (complications)
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Cyanosis Lung infections - if sputum is increased, should start them on antibiotics.
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Osteoarthritis
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Occurs commonly >65yo.Trauma, repetitive joint use, obesity.End effects - damages bone surface, synovium, meniscus, and ligaments.
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Rheumatoid arthritis
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Commonly 30-55yo.Monoarticular or polyarthritis with progressing intensity.(increased rheumatoid factor, ESR, CRP)Hypoalbumin
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Rheumatoid Arthritis medications
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NSAIDsglucocorticoids (every 4-6 months)Disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) - sufasalazine and methotrexate.Anticytokines - Infliximab and etanercept
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