Psychology Chapter 1 Vocabulary

Replying on or derived from observation, experimentation, or measurement.

The discipline concerned with behavior and mental processes and how they are affected by an organism’s physical state, mental state, and external environment.

The ability and willingness to access claims and make judgments on the basis of well-supported reasons and evidence rather than emotion or anecdote.

A psychological approach that analyzes the influence of social inequities on gender relations on the behavior of the two sexes.

The now discredited theory that different brain areas account for specific character and personality traits, which can be “read” from bumps on the skull.

An early psychological approach that emphasized the analysis of immediate experience into basic elements.

An early psychological approach that emphasized the function or purpose of behavior and consciousness.

A theory of personality and method of psychotherapy, originally formulated by Sigmund Freud, that emphasizes unconscious motives and conflicts.

A psychological approach that emphasizes bodily events and changes associated with actions, feelings, and thoughts.

A field of psychology emphasizing evolutionary mechanisms that may help explain human commonalities in cognition, development, emotion, social practices, and other areas of behavior.

A psychological approach that emphasizes how the environment and experience affect a person’s or animal’s actions; it includes behaviorism and social-cognitive learning theories.

A psychological approach that emphasizes mental processes in perception, memory, language, problem solving, and other areas of behavior.

A psychological approach that emphasizes social and cultural influences on behavior.

A psychological approach that emphasizes unconscious dynamics within the individual, such as inner forces, conflicts, or the movement of instinctual energy.

A psychological approach that emphasizes free will, personal growth, resilience, and the achievement of human potential.