Psychology 100 - Chapter 16: Social Psychology

Social Psychology

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Social Psychology:
a branch of psychology concerned with the way individuals thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by others
Person Perception
· how we formulate ideas about others, color and impressions
Attribution Process:
· behavior of others/own reflections, causes of behavior
Interpersonal Attraction
· factors to attraction, relationships, roles of similarity
Attitudes:
· how they are formed, attitude change, how they affect behaviour
Conformity:
factors of conformity, people being coaxed into doing things that they contradict
Behaviour in Groups:
· various groups, behave differently in groups, think alike
Effects of Physical Appearance:
-judgments of personality are often swayed by appearance (physical attractiveness) -little correlation between attractiveness and personality traits · attractive people are vastly overrepresented in the media -baby-faced features-large eyes, smooth skin, rounded chin are more honest and trustworthy -perception of personality based on facial features are associated with objective measures of successful performance in areas of life -takes 1/10 of a second
Social Schemas:
organized clusters of ideas about categories of social events and people
Stereotypes:
-widely held beliefs that people have certain characteristics because of their membership in a particular group -most common are based on sex, age, ethnic background, occupation -energy savers of oversimplification, inaccurate -think in terms of slanted probabilities
Immediate Style:Non-immedate Style:
-siting closer and more eye contact-opposite of immediate
Illusory Correlations:
occurs when people estimate that they have encountered more confirmations of an association between social traits than they have actually seen -memory processes confirm biases in person perception as individuals often recall facts that fit with their schemas and stereotypes -evolution can change this as humans are programmed by evolution to immediately classify people as members
Ingroup:
a group that one belongs to and identifies with, viewed in favour
Outgroup:
a group that one does not belong to or identify with, viewed in negative stereotypes
Attributions:
inferences that people draw about the causes of events, others behavior and their own behavior (procrastination-own behavior, overworked-friends behavior) -want to make sense out of behaviors/experiences