Feedback, Reinforcement & Intrinsic Motivation

Use of rewards & punishment that increase or decrease the likelihood of a simliar response occurring in the future

- people react differently to the same reinforcement - people are unable to repeat desirable behaviors - people receive different reinforcers in different situations

1. positive approach - focuses on rewarding appropriate bahaviors (increases likelihood of them occurring in the future) 2. negative approach - focuses on punishing undesirable behaviors (should lead to future redirection of these inappropriate bahaviors)

Tasks Authority Rewards Groupings Evaluation Timing

Positive beacause negative often instills fear in pariticpants

80-90%

- can arouse fear of failure - can act as a reinforcer - can create an unpleasant , aversive learning environment

1.target behaviors you want to change 2. define targeted bahaviors 3.record behaviors 4.provide meaningful feedback 5.state outcomes clearly 6. tailor rewards system

- direct observations (single behaviors) - behavioral checklists (multiple behaviors) -athlete self-monitoring - videotape practice, pre-comp, comp - post comp videotape reconstruction of verbal behavior

Striving inwardly to be competent and self determining, in ones quest to master tasks

1. social - success & failure - focus on comp - coaches bahavior 2. psychological - need for competence, autonomity, relatedness

- competitive success - positive feedback - autonomous (democratic) coach - recreational sport - high perceived competence - high perceived control -rewards that increase the informational aspects & provide postitive feedback about competence - rewards that contribute to an internal locus of causality increase intrinsic motivation (controlling aspects)

How rewards are perceived is ciritical in determining whether intrinsic motivation increases or decreases controlling aspects: - rewards that are perceived to control a person decrease intrinsic motivation infomational aspects: rewards that suggest the person is not competent decrease intrinsic motivation

- provide successful experiences - give rewards contingent on performance - use verbal and non-verbal praise -vary content & sequences of practice drills - involve participants in decisions - set realistic performance goals

A holistic, intrinsically motivating sensation that people feel when they are totally involved in an acitivity of on 'auto pilot'