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Exercise Physiology
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The study of how our bodies' structures and functions are altered when we are exposed to acute and chronic bouts of exercise (deals with performance, prevention, and rehabilitation)
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Sport Physiology (3 main areas of concentration)
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Applies exercise physiology concepts to an athlete's training and performance (not a lot of $)
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Research Exercise Physiology (3 main areas of concentration)
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Uses exercises as a model to determine alterations that take place with physiological related processes (how exercise improves health)
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Clinical Exercise Physiology (3 main areas of concentration)
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Cardiopulmonary and/or special population groups that require specific lifestyle interventions
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Acute Responses and examples
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Responses to training involve how the body responds to ONE bout of exercise (can even get the results up to 72 hours later)-controls environmental factors such as temp, humidity, light and noise-account for diurnal cycles, menstrual cycles, and sleep patterns-use ergometers to measure physical work in standardized conditions-match the mode of testing to the type of activity the subject usually performs (ex. swimmers aren't going to have to do running protocol)
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Chronic Physiological Adaptations and examples
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Training to mark how the body responds over time to the stress of repeated exercise bouts (one study was after 9 mo.s of training)-effects of training on the variables examined-effects of disuse/unloading-effects of aging
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Basic Training Principles
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FIIDDPPSHFrequency, Intensity, Individuality, Duration, Disuse, Progressive Overload, Periodization, Specificity, Hard/easy
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Frequency
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Number at exercise sessions conducted in a set amount of time (week, month, etc.) Standard 3x a week
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Intensity
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How hard each exercise session is performed
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Duration
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How long each sessions is performed
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Individuality
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Consider the specific needs and abilities of the individual
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Specificity
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Stress the physiological systems critical for the specific sport
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Disuse
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Include a program to maintain fitness
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Progressive Overload
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Increase the training stimulus as the body adapts (check weight lifted every 2 weeks, then evaluate and see if more weight should be added)
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Hard/Easy
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Alternate high-intensity with low-intensity workouts
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