Pathophysiology Quiz 2

Dont find H2O in lungs because of vasovagal nerve which makes trachea spasm. Can live longer in cold water

Under 16%

Hypoxia/anoxia, when cell swells can't operate normally. Cellular accumulations (infiltrations) are water, lipds and carbs, glycogen, and proteins, lead to swelling of cells. K leaks out of cell and Ca goes in when cell damaged.

Histamine, antibodies, lymphokines, complement, and proteases

Apoptisis is "dropping off", programmed cell death, need to die. Necrosis is death of cell due to unexpected or accidental cell damage

Dry gangrene is coagulative necrosis, skin becomes dry, shringks and wrinkles and turns dark brown or black.
Wet develops when neutrophils invade site causing liquefactive necrosis, occurs in internal organs, foul odor.

Algor mortise: Decrease in body temp.
Livor mortise: Purple in lower areas
Rigor mortise: 6 hours after death muscles stiffen for 12-24 hours
Postmortem autolysis: Putrification: Release of enzymes and lytic substances that break body down

Women are 55%
Men are 60%

Intracellular: 65%
Extracellular water 33%
Interstitial : 25% of extracellular
Plasma: 5-8% of extracellular
Transcellular: 1-2% of extracellular

Arteriole net outward pressure 13.3 mmHg
Venous net inward pressure 6.7 mmHg

Positive balance: Input is greater than output, fluid overload
Negative balance: Input is less than output, dehydration

Cations: (Acids) na, K, Ca, H
Anions: (Bases): Cl-, HCO3-, PO4 3-
Nonelectrolytes: (Uncharged): O2, CO2, proteins, urea, glucose

Ion transport, water movement, kidney function

Molecular weight in mg/valence
Molecular weight is sum of weights of atoms in molecule

Hypertonic: Cell shrivels, more than 0.9% nacl
Hypotonic: Cell bursts, less than 0.9% nacl
Isotonic: Gain or loss of ECF resulting in a 0.9% nacl solution