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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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What is another word for "necrosis"?
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Oncotic cell death/oncosis
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Histologic changes seen in necrosis
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Membrane whorls and other myelin
figures, mineralization, eosinophilia
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Why is eosinophilia seen in necrosis?
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Loss of ribosomes and denaturation of proteins
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Signs of necrosis on electron microscopy
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Surface blebbing, detachment of actin filaments from plasma membrane, mitochondrial swelling, mineralization, ER and golgi fragmentation
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When do you know that you have passed the "point of no return"? What is the "final blow" leading to this point?
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When the nucleus becomes pale and fades away - unregulated influx of Ca++
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What is the specific name for the fading of the nucleus?
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Karyolysis
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What information is given by the dye exclusion test?
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Differentiates between necrosis (cells will passively accumulate dye through pores in membrane) and apoptosis (cells do not accumulate dyte)
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Does necrosis usually affect multiple or single cells? What about apoptosis?
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Necrosis - multiple cells
Apoptosis - single cells
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Is apoptosis energy-dependent or -independent?
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Dependent
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Does apoptosis involve inflammation?
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No
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Pathologic examples of apoptosis causes
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CTL immune response, injury from toxins and drugs, irradiation injury, regression of hyperplasia or during tissue atrophy, malignant neoplasms
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Main enzyme family responsible for apoptosis
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Caspases
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General mechanism of caspase action
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Proscaspases (inactive form) are activated in a progressive cascade - eventually activate enzymes such as endonucleases
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Caspase extrinsic pathways mainly involve _____ while intrinsic pathways involve ______
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Cell surface receptors, mitochondria
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What other non-caspase molecules are involved in apoptotic pathways? (2)
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Endoplasmic reticulum and the regulatory molecule p53
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