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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Genes
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The basic unit of inheritance
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Deoxyribonucleic acid
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The primary component of chromatin
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Mutation
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Any inherited alteration of genetic material
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Base pair substitution
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One base pair replacess anotherand still codes for DNA
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Frameshift mutation
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Insertion or deletion of one or more base pairs
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Spontaneous mutations
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Occurs in absence of exposure to mutagens, usually on mulational hot spots
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Mutagens
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Agents that increase the frequency EX radiation
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Transcription
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RNS is synthesized from DNA to mRNA
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Translation
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RNA to tRNA
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Gametes
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Spermand eff cells - haploid 23 chromosome
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Somatic cells
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All other cells veside gametes - diploid 46 chromosomes
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Autosome
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The first 22 of the 23 chromosomes in males and femailes
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Sex chromosome
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The remaining pair of X or Y
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Disjunction
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Normal separation of chromosomes during cell division
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Nondisjunction
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Usually the cause of aneuploidy
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