Nutrition Midterm 1

The science of foods and the nutrients they contain

Components of food that are indispensable to the body's functioning; provide energy; serve as building materials; help maintain or repair body parts; support growth; macro or micro

Required in large amounts for normal growth and development; carbs, proteins, water, and lipids

Essential dietary elements only needed in small quantity (trace elements); vitamins, minerals, water

Any condition caused by excess or deficiencies, imbalances, and are classed as forms of undernutrition if nutrient of energy deficient, or nutrient or energy excess are overnutirition

Most carbs, proteins, most lipids (fats and oils)

Proteins, lipids, some vitamins, some minerals, water

Proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, water

(contain carbon); carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins

(no carbon); minerals, water

The capacity to do work; food energy is measure in calories

Do not provide energy to the body; regulators that assist in all body processes, such as digesting food and healing wounds

Unit of energy; measure energy in food; kilocalorie = kcalories= calorie
amount of heat energy needed to raise the temp of 1 kg of water 1 degree

Unit of weight; foods and nutrient quantities are often measured in this
carbs and proteins=4cal/g
fat (lipid)=9cal/g
*alcohol=7cal/g**but not considered nutrient due to bad effects

Pills, liquids, or powders that contain purified nutrients or other ingredients; cannot be used in place of food (food offers more than just the 6 basic nutrients) - some supplements do not have to be FDA approved to be sold