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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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What are Carbohydrates?
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Coumpunds composed of single or multiple sugars
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What are Complex Carbohydrates? What is the other name for them?
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Long chains of sugar units arranged to form starch or fiber.
Also called polysacharides |
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What are Simple Carbohydrates?
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Sugars, including both single sugar units and linked pairs of sugar units.
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Describe the basic molecule of a simple carbohydrate?
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Simple Carbohydrate = 6 carbon atoms together with oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
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What is Photosynthesis?
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The process by which green plants make carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water using the green pigment cholorophyll to capture the suns energy.
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Define Chlorophyll
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The green pigment of plants that captures energy from sunlight for use in photosynthesis.
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What are Sugars?
What does the term Sugar most ofen refer to? |
Sugars = simple carbohydrates; molecules of either single sugar units or pairs of those sugar units bonded together.
Sugar most often refers to sucrose |
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Define Glucose
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Glucose = single sugar used in both plant and animal tissues for energy; sometimes known as blood sugar or dextrose.
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What are Monosaccharides?
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Monosaccharides = Single sugar units
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Disaccharides
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Pairs of single sugars linked together
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Where do most carbohydrates come from in the diet?
What is the one exception? |
Carbohydrates are almost exclusively from plants.
One exception is milk |
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What importance is light from the sun to glucose?
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Light energy drives the photosynthesis reaction by becoming the chemical energy of the bonds that hold six atoms of carbon together in the sugar glucose.
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How many sugars are important in nutrition and how are they classified?
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6 sugars are important in nutrition
1) 3 Monosacccharides 2) 3 Disaccharieds |
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What are the Monosaccharides?
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Glucoes
Fructose Galactose |
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Define Galactose
Where is it found in food? |
1 or 2 single sugars that are bound together to make up the sugar of milk.
Rarely found in nature - tied up in milk sugar until it's released during the digestive process. |
