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Biochemical Tests are useful because:
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Objective and quatifiable
detects deficits before anthropometric measurements are affected defects some abnormalities before signs and symptoms appear |
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Uses for lab tests:
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Screening for malnutrition
evaluating nutritional status diagnosis specific nutrient deficiencies monitor specific nutrient deficiencies estimate risk of morbidity nad/or mortality |
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Static Lab Test
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Measures actual level of nutrient in specimen
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Weakness of Static Test:
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Fails ro reflect body's overall status
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Functional(indirect) Lab Test
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Measures a biochemical or physiological activity that depends on the nutrient of interest
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Weakness of Functional Tests:
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Tendency to be non-specific, not always specific ofor nutrient of interest
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Specimen Types:
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Serum
Plasma Blood Cells Tissues Urine Feces |
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Lab Tests are chose based on:
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Precision
Accuracy sensitiviy Specificity |
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Considerations when interpretating lab values:
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Normal values may have different values for men, women and children
It is the average plus/minus one standard deviation Altered by blood volume and hydration status Diseases influence values |
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Serial Lab data
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Is preferred
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Protein Status and Biochemical Markers
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Evaluate somatic and visceral protein
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Somatic Protein is found:
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In skeletal muscle
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Viseral Protein is found:
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Visceral protein found ithin organs
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PEM
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Protein Energy Malnutriion: usually result of disease in the US
Common in 3rd world countries Can result in Kwashiorkor or marasmus |
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PEM and hospitalized patients
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50% may have PEM
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