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Cards In This Set
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Definition of History
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1. Historia (Greek) = Inquiry
2. History: Systematic study of the record of the human past
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Great Person orientation
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The ideas and actions of brilliant individduals shape history
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Zeitgeist Orientation
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Broad impersonal foces rather than the individual, mold the course of history
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Cyclical Theory:
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History = an endless process of repitition
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Linear Progressive Theory
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Each generation builds upon the discoveries of previous generations
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Chaos theory
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History = a series of random and unrelated events
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Histriography
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Method of history based on the critical examination of relevant sources
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Historicism
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Objective analysis of the human past for its own sake
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Presentism
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Interpretive study of past events
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Revisionism
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Historical record that is interpreted in accord with political dogma
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Internal Historiography
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Detailed account of a discipline "from the inside" --> emphasis on people and their ideas
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External histriography
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Historical study "from the outside" --> emphasis on social, political, economic, religious and military forces
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Epistemology
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Study of the nature of knowledge
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Rationalism
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The source of all knowledge is reason (a priori) --> active mind
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Empiricism
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Knowledge is based on sensory experience (a posteriori) --> passive mind
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