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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Constipation is determined by:
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Stool consistency, not frequency of BMs
-caused by lack of fiber, fluid, and drugs |
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What are the 4 classes of laxatives?
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Bulk-forming
Surfactant Stimulant (secretory) Osmotic (saline) |
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What is the mechanism of action for bulk forming laxatives?
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They absorb liquid in GI tract, causing expansion of stool. The bulk facilitates peristalsis.
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How are bulk forming laxatives absorbed?
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They are not. Resemble natural dietary fiber.
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What are 3 common bulk forming agents?
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Psyllium (Metamucil)
methylcellulose (Citrucel) polycarbophil (Fibercon) |
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What is the key thing to remember when taking bulk forming laxatives?
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Take with glass of water. Must maintain hydration so there is no intestinal obstruction.
(also, used to PREVENT constipation) |
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When do you see the full effect of a bulk forming laxative?
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After 3 days
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What are the adverse effects of bulk forming laxatives?
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Flatulence
bloating abdominal fullness cramping N/V if used too much |
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What are the contraindications for bulk forming laxatives?
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Intestinal obstruction/perforation
inability to drink a lot of water |
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What is the mechanism of action of a surfactant laxative?
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Reduces surface tension of liquid in stool, causing more water to enter the feces. Softens stool.
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What is the most common surfactant laxative?
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Docusate sodium (Colace)
docusate calcium docusate potassium |
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A patient with what symptoms should take a surfactant laxative?
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Feces are hard and dry, passage is painful.
Cardiac pts take this to avoid straining. (it's well-tolerated) |
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What is the onset of action of a surfactant laxative?
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1-3 days
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What are the adverse effects of a surfactant laxative?
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Stomach upset, diarrhea
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What is the mechanism of action of a stimulant laxative?
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Acts directly on intestinal mucosa to alter fluid secretion --> stimulates peristalsis
-increases fluid in stool |
