Criteria for Personality Disorder from DSM-IV-TR

A. enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior B. enduring pattern is inflexible and pervasive across a range of personal and social situations C. enduring pattern leads to clinically significant distress or impairment D. The pattern is stable and of long duration, traced back to at least adolescents E. enduring pattern is not better accounted for as a manifestation or consequence of another mental disorder F. enduring pattern is not due to the direct physiological effects of a substance or a general medical condition.

Manifested in 2 or more of the following areas: 1. cognition, 2. affectivity, 3. interpersonal functioning, 4. impulse control

1. NEUROTICISM, 2. INTROVERSION VERSUS EXTROVERSION, 3. CLOSEDNESS VERSUS OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE, 4. ANTAGONISM VERSUS AGREEABLENESS, 5. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

POSITIVE AFFECTIVITY, NEGATIVE AFFECTIVITY, CONSTRAINT, NOVELTY SEEKING, REWARD DEPENDENCE, HARM AVOIDANCE, PERSISTENCE, SELF DIRECTEDNESS, COOPERATIVENESS, SELF-TRANSCENDENCE, POWER (DOMINANCE VS. SUBMISSION), AFFILIATION (LOVE VS. HATE)

A. PERVASIVE DISTRUST AND SUSPICIOUSNESS OF OTHERS SUCH THAT THEIR MOTIVES ARE INTERPRETED AS MALEVOLENT, BEGINNING BY EARLY ADULTHOOD AND PRESENT IN A VARIETY OF CONTEXTS B. DOES NOT OCCUR EXCLUSIVELY DURING THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA, A MOOD DISORDER WITH PSYCHOTIC FEATURES, OR ANOTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS AND NOT DUE TO MEDICAL CONDITION.

1. SUSPECTS, WITHOUT SUFFICIENT BASIS, THAT OTHERS ARE EXPLOITING, HARMING, OR DECEIVING HIM OR HER 2. PREOCCUPIED WITH UNJUSTIFIED DOUBTS ABOUT THE LOYALTY OR TRUSTWORTHINESS OF FRIENDS OR ASSOCIATES 3. IS RELUCTANT TO CONFIDE IN OTHERS BECAUSE OF UNWARRANTED FEAR THAT THE INFORMATION WILL BE USED MALICIOUSLY AGAINST HER 4. READS HIDDEN DEMEANING OR THREATENING MEANINGS INTO BENIGN REMARKS OR EVENTS. 5. PERSISTENTLY BEARS GRUDGES 6. PERCEIVES ATTACKS ON HIS OR HER CHARACTER OR REPUTATION THAT ARE NOT APPARENT TOOTHERS AND IS QUICK TO REACT ANGRILY 7. HAS RECURRENT SUSPICIONS, WITHOUT JUSTIFICATION, REGARDING FIDELITY OF SPOUSE OR SEXUAL PARTNER

A. PERVASIVE PATTERN OF DETACHMENT FROM SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS AND A RESTRICTED RANGE OF EXPRESSION OF EMOTIONS IN INTERPERSONAL SETTINGS, BEGINNING BY EARLY ADULTHOOD AND PRESENT IN A VARIETY OF CONTEXTS, B. DOES NOT OCCUR EXCLUSIVELY DURING THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENI9A, A MOD DISORDER WITH PSYCHOTIC FEATURES, ANOTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDER, OR A PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER

1. NEITHER DESIRES NOR ENJOYS CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS, INCLUDING BEING PART OF A FAMILY 2. ALMOST ALWAYS CHOOSES SOLITARY ACTIVITIES, 3. HAS LITTLE, IF ANY, INTEREST IN HAVING SEXUAL EXPERIENCES WITH ANOTHER PERSON, 4. TAKES PLEASURE IN FEW, IF ANY, ACTIVITIES, 5. LACKS CLOSE FRIENDS OR CONFIDANTS OTHER THAN FIRST DEGREE RELATIVES, 6. APPEARS INDIFFERENT TO THE PRAISE OR CRITICISM OF OTHERS, 7. SHOWS EMOTIONAL COLDNESS, DETACHMENT, OR FLATTENED AFFECTIVITY

A. A PERVASIVE PATTERN OF SOCIAL AND INTERPERSONAL DEFICITS MARKED BY ACUTE DISCOMFORT WITH, AND REDUCED CAPACITY FOR, CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS AS WELL AS BY COGNITIVE OR PERCEPTUAL DISTORTIONS AND ECCENTRICITIES OF BEHAVIOR, BEGINNING BY EARLY ADULTHOOD AND PRESENT IN A VARIETY OF CONTEXTS. B. DOES NOT OCCUR EXCLUSIVELY DURING THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA, A MOOD DISORDER WITH PSYCHOTIC FEATURES, ANOTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDER OR A PERVASIVE DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDER.

1. IDEAS OF REFERENCE (EXCLUDING DELUSIONS OF REFERENCE), 2. ODD BELIEFS OR MAGICAL THINKING THAT INFLUENCES BEHAVIOR AND IS INCONSISTENT WITH SUBCULTURAL NORMS, 3. UNUSUAL PERCEPTUAL EXPERIENCES, INCLUDING BODILY ILLUSIONS, 4. ODD THINKING AND SPEECH, 5. SUSPICIOUSNESS OR PARANOID IDEATION, 6. INAPPROPRIATE OR CONSTRICTED AFFECT, 7. BEHAVIOR OR APPEARANCE THAT IS ODD, ECCENTRIC, OR PECULIAR, 8. LACK OF CLOSE FRIENDS OR CONFIDANTS OTHER THAN FIRST-DEGREE RELATIVES, 9. EXCESSIVE SOCIAL ANXIETY THAT DOES NOT DIMINISH WITH FAMILIARITY AND TENDS TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH PARANOID FEARS RATHER THAN NEGATIVE JUDGMENTS ABOUT SELF.

A. PERVASIVE PATTERN OF DISREGARD FOR AND VIOLATION OF THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS OCCURRING SINCE AGE 15 YEARS, B. THE INDIVIDUAL IS AT LEAST AGE 18 YRS. OLD, C. THERE IS EVIDENCE OF CONDUCT DISORDER WITH ONSET BEFORE AGE 15 YRS. OLD, D. OCCURRENCE OF ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR IS NOT EXCLUSIVELY DURING THE COURSE OF SCHIZOPHRENIA OR A MANIC EPISODE.

1. FAILURE TO CONFORM TO SOCIAL NORMS WITH RESPECT TO LAWFUL BEHAVIORS AS INDICATED BY REPEATEDLY PERFORMING ACTS THAT ARE GROUNDS FOR ARREST. 2. DECEITFULNESS, AS INDICATED BY REPEATED LYING, USE OF ALIASES, OR CONNING OTHERS FOR PERSONAL PROFIT OR PLEASURE, 3. IMPULSIVITY OR FAILURE TO PLAN AHEAD, 4. IRRITABILITY AND AGGRESSIVENESS, AS INDICATED BY REPEATED PHYSICAL FIGHTS OR ASSAULTS. 5. RECKLESS DISREGARD FOR SAFETY OF SELF OR OTHERS 6. CONSISTENT IRRESPONSIBILITY, AS INDICATED BY REPEATED FAILURE TO SUSTAIN CONSISTENT WORK BEHAVIOR OR HONOR FINANCIAL OBLIGATIONS, 7. LACK OF REMORSE, AS INDICATED BY BEING INDIFFERENT TO OR RATIONALIZING HAVING HURT, MISTREATED, OR STOLEN FROM ANOTHER.

A PERVASIVE PATTERN OF INSTABILITY OF INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS, SELF-IMAGE, AND AFFECTS, AND MARKED IMPULSIVITY BEGINNING BY EARLY ADULTHOOD AND PRESENT IN A VARIETY OF CONTEXTS

1. FRANTIC EFFORTS TO AVOID REAL OR IMAGINED ABANDONMENT. 2. A PATTERN OF UNSTABLE AND INTENSE INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS CHARACTERIZED BY ALTERNATING BETWEEN EXTREMES OF IDEALIZATION AND DEVALUATION. 3. IDENTITY DISTURBANCE: MARKEDLY AND PERSISTENTLY UNSTABLE SELF-IMAGE OR SENSE OF SELF. 5. RECURRENT SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR, GESTURES, OR THREATS, OR SELF-MUTILATING BEHAVIOR. 6. AFFECTIVE INSTABILITY DUE TO A MARKED REACTIVITY OF MOOD, 7. CHRONIC FEELINGS OF EMPTINESS, 8. INAPPROPRIATE, INTENSE ANGER OR DIFFICULTY CONTROLLING ANGER, 9. TRANSIENT, STRESS-RELATED PARANOID IDEATION OR SEVERE DISSOCIATIVE SYMPTOMS.

PERVASIVE PATTERN OF EXCESSIVE EMOTIONALITY AND ATTENTION SEEKING, BEGINNING BY EARLY ADULTHOOD AND PRESENT IN A VARIETY OF CONTEXTS