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Cards In This Set
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Casablanca Conference
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Attended by FDR and Churchill, Jan. 1943. The Allies agreed to make Hitler surrender unconditionally
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Tehran Conference
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First meeting of the Big Three. GB and US agreed to open up the Western Front, and Stalin agreed to send troops to the Pacific
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Fate of Poland
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FDR and Churchill would allow Stalin to take part of Poland if the rest would be Democratic.
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Yalta Conference
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Conference held close to German surrender, United Nations planned. Stalin promised to have elections in Poland, Romania, Bulgaria. Germany was divided into Zones of Occupation
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Satellite Nations
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Communist countries surrounding the USSR to prevent western influence, created an iron curtain
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Postdam
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Truman's only wartime meeting, he had a "get-tough" attitude but that didn't work out. There he told Stalin about the atomic bomb.
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Reasons for Soviet-American tension
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1) Communism vs. capitalism are different, 2) US refused to recognize Bolshevik regime for 16 years, 3) GB and US refused to open 2nd front against Hitler. 4) US and GB didn't let USSR in on atomic bomb plans. 5) US ended Lend-Lease to USSR in 1945. 6) Different visions of post-war world.
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Who coined the term "Cold War"?
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Walter Lippmann
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The United Nations
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Helped to lead to temporary peace in Kashmir, Iran, created Israel. Unsuccessful in maintaining
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Postwar China
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We wanted a strong, independent China. Chinese government originally led by Chiang Kai-Shek, who was friendly with America but unpopular and corrupt in China. Mao Zedong vied for power and had made 25% of China communist by 1945.
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Postwar Japan
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Gen. MacArthur in charge of occupation (we stayed after atomic bomb). Japan denounces militarism and created a new constitution with democracy. Japan had an economic recovery and allied with the US.
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"containment"
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The use of American might to fight communism. Influences every policy for decades. Introduced by George Kennan.
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The Truman Doctrine
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Congress asks for $400 million to fight regimes in Greece and Turkey
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The Marshall Plan
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A plan outlined by George Marshall to provide assistance to European Nations. The motives were: 1) humanitarian concern, 2) a fear that Europe would put economic strain on the US, 3) desire for strong market for American goods, 4) above all- make sure they didn't fall under communist reign. The plan worked!
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The Berlin airlift
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The soviets cut off all access to Berlin. Truman airlifted supplies to the people. War anticipated, but Stalin eventually yielded.
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