Chapter 5: The Integumentary System

What are the three regions of skin?

________ Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
Cells : 1.______ :produce fibrous protein keratin 2.______. 10–25% of cells in lower epidermis. Produce pigment melanin 3.______: macrophages that help activate immune system 4.______touch receptors

Layers of the Epidermis :
1. _____ deepest layer; single row of cells; cells undergo rapid division
2. ______Cells contain a weblike system of intermediate prekeratin filaments attached to desmosomes
3._____Thin; three to five cell layers in which the cells flatten
4. _____In thick skin Thin, transparent band superficial to the stratum granulosum .A few rows of flat, dead keratinocytes
5. ______20–30 rows of dead, flat, keratinized membranous sacs.Protects from abrasion and penetration.Waterproof.

Dermis :Strong, flexible connective tissue.Cells include _____, ______, and occasionally ____ and white blood cells.

______ Areolar connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers and blood vessels

______~80% of the thickness of dermis Collagen fibers provide strength and resiliency Elastic fibers provide stretch-recoil properties

______ includes subcutaneous, adipose and areolar connective tissue

Three pigments contribute to skin color:1._____ Yellow to reddish-brown to black2 _____ Yellow to orange, most obvious in the palms and soles
3._____ Responsible for the pinkish hue of skin

Two main types of sweat (sudoriferous) glands:
1. ______ sweat glands—abundant on palms, soles, and forehead
2.______sweat glands—confined to axillary and anogenital areas. Specialized apocrine glands: _____ glands—in external ear canal; secrete cerumen and _______

Hair: keratin is pigmented my melanocytes.
Function
1.
2.
3.

Types of Hair
1. ____—pale, fine body hair of children and adult females 2. _____—coarse, long hair of eyebrows, scalp, axillary, and pubic regions (and face and neck of males)

_____—hair thinning in both sexes after age 40. It's usually genetic.

Function of skin (integumentary system)
1. _______- chemical, physical/ mechanical barrier, biological
2. ______ At elevated temperature, dilation of dermal vessels and increased sweat gland activity
3.______ temperature, touch, and pain
4.______ Synthesis of vitamin D precursor
5.______ up to 5% of body’s blood volume
6._____ nitrogenous wastes and salt in sweat

Three major types of skin cancer
______ Least malignant, most common
______Second most common
______ Most dangerous

Burns:
_______: redness, pain, swelling
_______: '''' and blistering
_______: full thickness- nerve endings destroyed