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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Types of acid/base imbalances
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Acidosis and alkalosis – both
metabolic & respiratory
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Definition of metabolic imbalance
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Change in amount of fixed acids or in
bicarbonate levels
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Examples of fixed acids
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Lactic acid, hydrochloric acid,
ketoacids
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The volatile acid in the body is
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Carbonic acid
|
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Carbonic acid is created through:
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The hydrolysis of carbon dioxide, aka
CO2 and water
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Carbonic acid dissociates into:
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Hydrogen and bicarbonate ions
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Carbonic acid's concentration can be
altered via
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Respiration
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For every 20 carbonic acid molecules
formed, the body saves:
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20 bicarbonate ions and 1 hydrogen ion;
kidney excretes the rest
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Fixed acids are termed fixed because:
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They cannot be eliminated by changing
respiration
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In metabolic acidosis, what happens:
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PH decreases. Either acid increases or
bicarbonate decreases.
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In metabolic alkalosis, what happens:
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PH increases. Either acid decreases or
bicarbonate increases.
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What does PaCO2 stand for?
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Partial concentration/pressure of CO2
in arterial blood
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In respiratory imbalance:
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Change in PacCO2
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Cause of respiratory acidosis:
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Accumulation of carbonic acid due to
too much CO2
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In respiratory acidosis, what happens:
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CO2 undergoes hydration; hydrogen is
released from carbonic acid; pH decreases
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