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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Hypervolemia
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Isotonic plasma; too much ECF
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Hypervolemia - pathogenesis (4)
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Excess IV, heart failure (early), renal disease, hyperaldosteronism
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Hypervolemia - manifestations (6)
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Hypertension, sudden weight gain, edema, ascites, venous distension, dyspnea
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Hypovolemia
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Isotonic plasma - too little ECF
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Hypovolemia - pathogenesis (6)
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Burns, hemorrhage, vomiting, diarrhea, diabetes mellitus, hypoaldosteronism
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Hypovolemia - manifestations (5)
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Hypotension, hypovolemic shock, poor tissue turgor, dry mucus membrane, thirst
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Hypernatremia
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Sodium >140
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Hypernatremia - pathogenesis (5)
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Excess sodium intake, Impaired thirst sensation, Dysphagia, Profuse sweating, Diabetes insipidus
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Hypernatremia - manifestations (5)
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Thirst, CNS irritability, confusion/seizures, Tachycardia, oliguria/anuria
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Hyponatremia
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Sodium <130
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Hyponatremia - pathogenesis (5)
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Aldosterone
deficiency, Renal failure, Excessive H2O
intake, heart failure (late), SIADH
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Hyponatremia - manifestations (5)
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CNS depression, lethargy/stupor, < reflexes/muscle
cramps, anorexia, coma
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Hyperkalemia
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K+ >5.0
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Hyperkalemia - pathogenesis (5)
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Insulin deficiency, Cell lysis, Aldosterone deficiency, Metabolic acidosis, Kidney disease
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Hyperkalemia - manifestations (5)
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Cells more excitable, neuromuscular tingling, muscle weakness/paralysis, Cardiac arrhythmias, Ventricular fibrillation/Asystole
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