4.3.8. Adaptations

(g) the different types of adaptations of organisms to their environment   Anatomical, physiological and behavioural adaptations AND why organisms from different taxonomic groups may show similar anatomical features, including the marsupial mole and placental mole.

6 cards   |   Total Attempts: 188
  

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Cards In This Set

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What is a behavioural adaptation?
Aspect of a bahviour of an organism that helps it to survive in the conditions that it lives in
Give 2 examples of a behavioural adaptation
Earthworm: Retracts to burrow if touched
  • No eyes
  • If there is a bird, it will eat it
Marram Grass: Close stomata/roll leaf more tightly
  • Reduce transpiration
  • If covered with sand- grow more quickly to reach the light
What is a physiological adaptation?
Ensures the correct functioning of cell processes
Give 4 examples of a physiological adaptation
Marram Grass are able to roll leaves in conditions with low H2O:
  • Hinge cells in lower epidermis- lose H2O + rolls more tightly
  • When H2O= more available:
  • Hinge cells = turgid- opens leaf for gas exchange
Guard cells: Turgid = open, Non-turgid = closed Not salt tolerant, but maintains low WP: survive in salty conditions by the sea Lignified cells in leaves: provides support- keeps leaves upright if H2O = scarce
What is an Anatomical Adaptation?
A structure that enhances the survival of an organism
Give 4 examples of an anatomical adaptation
Long roots- reach H2O that is deep underground Curled leaves: Reduces SA exposed to wind, traps air inside
  • Moisture builds up in an enclosed space
Lower epidermis = folded to create pitsH2O builds up in pits to reduce the loss of vapour inside a leaf Waxy Cuticle: Reduces evaporation of water from cells in a leaf