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Cards In This Set
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4 aspects of the disease process
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1. Etiology (cause)
2. Pathogenesis (mechanism)
3. Morphologic changes (structural changes)
4. Functional derangements and clinical manifestations (clinical significance)
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Classes of eteiolgoic factors
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1. Intrinsic (genetic)
2. Extrinsic (acquired)
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Pathogenesis
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Initial stimulus to expression of disease
The mechanism of the disease process
The "story" of how the disease manifests itself
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In clinical situation, what is the sign?
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Objective indication of disease, discovered during exam
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In a clinical situation, what is the symptom?
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Subjective description of the disease
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Normal physiolgogic "steady state" of a cell within normal range of function/structure is ______
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Homeostasis
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Three stages of cellular impairment
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Adaptations
Reversible injury
Cell death (necrosis, apoptosis)
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List three examples of cellular adaptations
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Atropty (decrease size, function of cells)
hypertrophy (increase size of individual cells)
hyperplasia: increase number of cells
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Adaptation is ____________
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A new, but altered, steady state
Reversible
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If the adaptations are no longer adequate to preserve the cell, what happens?
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Reversible injury
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If the reversible injury is no longer effective, this occurs
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Cell death (necrosis, apoptosis)
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Cell death in response to stimuli outside the cell
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Necrosis
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Traits of necrosis
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Cell swelling/rupture
Degeneration and coagulation of proteins
Breakdown of organelles
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Traits of apoptosis
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Cell shrinkage
Chromatin condensation/fragmentation
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Chromatin condensation/fragmentation is seen in what type of cell death?
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Apoptosis
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