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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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What three issues should be considered when outlining a research proposal?
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1) research methodologies
2) writing for maximum readability 3) ethical issues (Creswell, 2009, p. 74) |
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Maxwell (2005) says ___ central arguments (questions to be answered) should be advanced in a research proposal?
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Nine
(Creswell, 2009, p. 74) |
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How is Franklin's (1986) 3-stage model useful?
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It helps a writer craft readable work.
Stage 1: develop an outline Stage 2: writer a draft and then shift and sort ideas, moving around entire paragraphs Stage 3: Edit and polish each sentence (Creswell, 2009, p. 81) |
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Tarshis's (1982) model of organized writing recommends four "levels" of information. What are they?
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1. Umbrella thoughts—the general or core ideas one is trying to get across
2. Big thoughts in writing—specific ideas or images that fall within the realm of umbrella thoughts and serve to reinforce, clarify, or elaborate upon the umbrella thoughts
3. Little thoughts—ideas or images whose chief function is to reinforce big thoughts
4. Attention or interest thoughts—ideas whose purposes are to keep the reader on track, organize ideas, and keep an individual's attention
(Creswell, 2009, p. 83) |
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What is the "hook and eye" writing exercise?
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"The hook-and-eye exercise (Wilkinson, 1991) is useful for connecting thoughts from sentence to sentence and paragraph to paragraph" (Creswell, 2009, p. 85).
Begin by identifying key ideas in every sentence within a paragraph. Circle them; these are the eyes. Then draw lines connecting the when they are obvioulsy related; they are the hooks. |
