World Musics Exam #2

-Strophic form
-Diatonic system
-Pentatonic scale
-Metrical
-Wandering melodies
-Most people sing (few play instruments)

Euro classical, popular and folk tradition
The music can be repeated more than once with different words
Ex. Hymns

Major and minor seconds
Adding and removing

Melodies found in widely separated countries
The same or essentially same; text is almost never the same
Traveling singers in the middle ages

Narrative songs (Epic, Ballad)
Love Songs (someone dies)
Ceremonial Songs
Church/Ecclesiastical songs
Rites of Passage songs
Dance songs
Humorous songs
Turning of the Seasons
Agricultural songs
Work songs (about work)

Several events tied together by common theme
LONG

Developed in Europe in the Middle Ages
Deals with one main Event
Tend to have strophic form

-Shared with other traditions around the world (flutes, rattles, whistles, trumpet)
-Brought into Europe from non-Euro cultures (fiddles, banjo, xylophone)
-Developed within Euro folk tradition (Lyres, some fiddles)
-Shared by folk, classical and popular traditions
-Drones

Sustained note
Most widely known - bagpipes
Hurdy-gurdy
String instruments (violin)

Child Ballads
Love Songs (end tragically)
Broadside Ballads

-Named for Francis James Child (publisher)
-American (Harvard)
-Only included Ballads from the countryside (unknown composers)

Printed on sheets of paper called broadsides
Known composers

(Sweden and Norway)
-fiddle playing very important
-In past, whenever anything important happened in the community, a fiddle player had to be there

-2 fiddle players (One plays precomposed melody, second improvises)
-Tonality shifts abruptly (major to minor; minor to major; without modulation)
-Tunes originally associated with bagpipes (drone and melody)

17th Century
Smaller instrument than orchestral violin
Big sound (sympathetic strings)