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Fief:
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An estate gr an estate granted to a vassal by his lord
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Troubadour
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A wandering musician
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Papal supremecy
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Authority over all secular rulers
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Clovis
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Franckish leader who conquered the former Roman province of Gaul
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St. Francis of Assisi
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The founder of the first order of friars
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Journeyman
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A trainee in the guild system
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Apprentice
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Individual in training to a guild master typically 7 years
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Knight
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A mounted warrior
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Serf
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A peasant bound to the land
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Pope Leo III
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Proclaimed Charlemagne to be Emperor of the Romans because Charlemagne had crushed a rebellion in Rome
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Vassal’s obligation under his feudal contract
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Serve in his military
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What happened when new ownership of a manor was granted to a new lord.
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The serfs remained on the land to serve the new lord
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TTo achie To achieve salvation
To achie
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Medieval Christians believed they must receive the sacraments
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Under Benedictine Rule
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Monks and nuns took vows of obedience, poverty, and chastity
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Legumes
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Restored fertility to the soil in the three-field system of rotating crops.
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