+
Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
|
Types of primary skin lesions
|
Macule, wheal, vesicle, papule, pustule, nodule, tumor
|
|
What is a macule? What is a patch?
|
Macule: circumscribed flat lesion, with change in color of the skin or mucous membrane. Color change is due to:
1) melanin pigmentation 2) depigmentation 3) erythema 4) extravasation of blood (pupura) Patch: a macule over 1cm in diameter |
|
What is a wheal?
|
Sharply circumscribed, raised lesion consisting of edema. Often white or pink ridges.
|
|
What is a vesicle? What is a bulla?
|
Vesicle: A sharply circumscribed elevation of the skin up to 1cm in diameter, filled witj clear, free fluid.
Bulla: a large vesicle |
|
What is a papule? What is a plaque?
|
 Papule: solid elevation of skin up to 1cm in diameter. Often pink, and produced by tissue infiltration of inflammatory cells ir epidemral hypertrophy. Plaque: a larger, flat-top elevation |
|
What is a pustule?
|
A small circumscibed elevation of skin filled with pus
|
|
What is a nodule?
|
A circumscribed, palpale mass larger than 1cm in diameter. Usually extends into deeper layers of skin. May be inflammatory or neoplastic.
|
|
What are some secondary skin changes?
|
Scale, crust, hyperkeratosis, exoriation, ulcer, scar, lichenification, hyperpigmentation, fissure, comedo
|
|
What is crust vs. scale?
|
Scale: accumulation fo loose fragments of stratum corneum
Crust: a dried exudate on the surface of a lesion. May form from serum, pus, blood, scales or medications |
|
What is hyperkeratosis?
|
An increase in thickness pf the horny layer of the skin
|
|
Define excoriation
|
A superficial removal of the epidermis usually caused by self-trauma. Frequently secondary infection occurs.
|
|
Ulcer vs erosion
|
An ulcer always leaves a scar after healing. An erosion is shallower and doesn't penetrate the stratum basale
|
|
What is lichenification?
|
A thickness and hardening of skin characterised by exaggeration of the superficial skin markings. Usually hyperpigmented. Often the result of scratching.
|
|
What is a fissure?
|
A linear cleavage into or thru the epidermis. Occur when skin is inelastic and is subjectedt o acute swelling e.g. at ear margins
|
|
What is a comedo?
|
Pl comedones
A dilated hair follicle filledw ith cornified cells, sebaceous material and micro-organisms. May predispose to bacterial folliculitis. Produced secondary to seborrheic skin disease and tx with greasy medications, or systemic and topical glucocorticoids |
