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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Lift
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Counteracts effects of gravity (vertical plane)
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Thrust
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Forward/backward motion (horizontal plane)
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Swim bladder
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Fish regulate amount of air inside boy, increasing/decreasing buoyancy
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Providing thrust
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Swimming types can be classified according to body regions used to create thrust and type of movement
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Drag
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Force that counteracts thrust
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Viscous drag
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Friction between body and water
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Inertail drag
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Turbulence as fish moves and displaces water
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Reduction of drag:
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Body covering, body shape
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Counteracting instability
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Pectoral fin- control up and down
dorsal fin- control side to side movement Tail fin- control left to right movement |
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Anguilliform swimming
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Most of body used to produce thrust, muscles contract on one side, relax on other, wave of contraction (eels)
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Carangiform swimming
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Front half body rigid, back half produes waves and contractions (trout)
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Ostraciiform swimming
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Only cuadal fin involved in thrust (wig-wag motion) (box fish)
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Appendicular swimming
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Undulatory: uses appendages for swimming, undulatory, dorsal and/or anal fins (bowfin)
Oscillatory: Use back and forth movement of appendages, use limbs like oars, use fins like wings |
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Shape of wing
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Wing is curved and teardrop shaped, air traveling over wing moves faster than air under wing -> reduced pressure on top of wing compared to below wing-> results in lift
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Flight speed
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Increased speed=increased lift
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