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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Side effects of hydrochlorothiazide (6)?
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Hypotension, hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia, hypercholesterolemia
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Cleft lip, flexed fingers with polydactyly, ocular hypotelorism, bulbous nose, low-set malformed ears, small abnormal skull, cerebral malformation, micropthalmia, scalp defects, hypoplastic/absent ribs, visceral and genital abnormalities?
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Patau syndrome (trisomy 13)
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Microcephaly with a characteristic protruding metopic suture, hypotonia, short stature, moonlike face, hypertelorism, bilateral epicanthic folds, high arched palate, wide and flat nasal bridge, mental retardation and cat-like cry?
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Cri du chat syndrome, 5p deletion
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Diagnosis and treatment of uric acid stones?
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Ultrasound or CT (not seen on KUB). Treatment: hydration, alkalinization of the urine (using potassium citrate or potassium bicarbonate), low purine diet +/- allopurinol
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Lithium teratogenicity?
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Congenital heart disease; occurs mainly in first trimester; classically Ebstein's anomaly
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Teratogenicity of isoretinoin?
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Craniofacial dysmorphism, heart defects, deafness
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Treatment of pinworms?
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Mebendazole
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When is surgery required for an umbilical hernia in a child?
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> 2cm, persists past 3-4 years, symptomatic, causes strangulation, or enlarges progressively after 1-2 years
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Herniation of abdominal contents into the base of the umbilical cord, resulting in a sac covered in peritoneum without overlying skin?
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Omphalocele. Immediate surgery is required. Often associated with other congenital defects
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Angry red, matted protrusion of intestines to the right of the umbilicus, not covered by a sac?
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Gastroschisis. Surgical emergency is warranted. Not associated with other congenital defects.
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How does D-xylose help you determine the etiology of steatorrhea?
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In pancreatic insufficiency, terminal ileal disease, D-xylose (a simple sugar absorbed in the proximal small bowel) absorption will be unimpaired. In bacterial overgrowth and celiac's, D-xylose absorption will be decreased, but in the former, this should improve with antibiotics.
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Classic findings of PE on EKG?
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Tachycardia, S1Q3T3
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Treatment of penicillin sensitive strep viridans endocarditis?
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IV penicillin G or IV ceftriaxone
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Diagnostic test for hereditary spherocytosis?
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Osmotic fragility test
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Medical therapy of hepatorenal syndrome?
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Midodrine and octreotide
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