Upper Limb Extremity

O - clavicle, sternum, and upper 6 costal cartilage I - lateral lip of inter-tubercular groove of humerus N - medial and lateral pectoral nerves A - adducts and medially rotates humerus; clavicular fibers flex humerus; sternocostal fibers extend the humerus

O - 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs I - coracoid process of scapula N - medial pectoral nerve A - stabilizes scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly

O junction of 1st rib and cartilage I inferior surface of clavical N nerve to subclavius A not much - depresses and anchors the clavicle

O - external occipital protuberance, superior nuchal line, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7-T12 I - lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, and spine and base of spine of scapula N - spinal accessory nerve A - superior fibers elevate scapula; middle fibers retract scapula; inferior fibers depress scapula

O - spines of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 9-12 I - floor of bicipital (intertubercular) groove of humerus N - thoracodorsal nerve A - adducts, extends, and medially rotates humerus

Lie deep to trapezius O - nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T5 I - medial border of scapula N - dorsal scapular nerve A - retracts, elevates scapula, and rotates glenoid fossa inferiorly

Same as major

O - transverse processes of C1-C4 I - upper part of medial border of scapula, from superior angle to spine N - dorsal scapular nerve and C3-C4 A - elevates and rotates scapula inferiorly

O - first 8 ribs I - medial border of scapula N - long thoracic nerve A - draws scapula forward around thoracic wall; rotates scapula superiorly (esp. when raising arm)

O - supraspinous fossa I - greater tubercle (superior part) of humerus N - suprascapular nerve A - abduction of humerus; stabilizes shoulder joint

O - infraspinous fossa I - greater tubercle (middle part) of humerus N - suprascapular nerve A - holds humerus in place; laterally rotates humerus

O - subscapular fossa I - lesser tubercle of humerus N - upper and lower subscapular nerve A - medially rotates humerus; stabilizes shoulder joint

O - superior part of lateral border of scapula I - greater tubercle (inferior part) of humerus N - axillary nerve A - laterally rotates and adducts humerus

O - dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula I - medial lip of bicipital groove of humerus N - lower subscapular nerve A - adducts and medially rotates humerus

O - lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula I - deltoid tuberosity of humerus N - axillary nerve A - abducts, flexes, extends, medially and laterally rotates humerus