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Transactional Analysis
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- A.K.A. TA
- An integrative approach that combines elements of psychoanalytic, humanist and cognitive approaches - Contractual approach - Developed by Eric Berne (1950's) |
Focus of TA
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- Transactions (dynamics contained in people's interactions)
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3 ego states of TA
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- Parent, adult, child - Neo-Freudian theory of personality |
Premise of TA
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- Freedom from historical maladaptions embedded in the childhood script is required in order to become free of inappropriate, inauthentic and displaced emotions which are not a fair and honest reflection of here-and-now life
- People can change
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Transactions
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Flow of verbal communication and unspoken psychological flow of communication that runs parallel
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3 kinds of transactions
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1) Reciprocal/Complementary 2) Crossed 3) Duplex/Covert |
Parent ego state
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- Exteropsyche
- Unconscious mimicking of parents |
Adult ego state
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- Neopsyche
- Objective appraisal of reality - Like a computer processing info |
Child ego state
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- Archaepsyche
- Behave, feel and think similarly to how they did in childhood - Immature |
TA games
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Common counterproductive social interactions
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3 types of TA games
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1) First degree games
- Socially accepted 2) Second degree games - Concealed though may not cause damage 3) Third degree games - Could lead to drastic harm |
Strokes
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- Recognition, attention or responsiveness that one person gives another
- Positive = warm fuzzies - Negative = cold prickles |
6 ways people seek recognition
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- Withdrawal
- Ritual - Pastimes - Activity - Games - Intimacy |
Life (or childhood) script
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- A life plan, directed to a reward
- Decisional and responsive - Reinforced by parents (or mentors) - Mostly outside awareness - How we navigate and what we look for (filters reality) |
Varieties of life (or childhood script)
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- Tragic
- Heroic - Banal |