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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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Rostral
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Towards the nose
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Caudal
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Towards the tail
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Spinal cord functions
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-spinal nerves attach to spinal cord and are involved with sensory and motor innervation of body below the head
-provides 2-way conduction pathway for signals between the body and the brain -major center for reflexes |
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Spinal cord location
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-runs through the vertebral canal of the vertebral column through successive vertebral foramina
-extends from the foramen magnum at the base of the skull to the level of L3 in infants and L1 or L2 in childrena and adults |
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Conus medullaris
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Inferior end fo the spinal cord tapers into the conus medullaris
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Flim terminale
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Long filament of connective tissue extending from the conus medullaris which attaches to the coccyx inferiorly, anchoring the spinal cord in place
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Cauda equina
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Collection of spnal nerve roots in inferior end of vertebral canal
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Cervical and lumbar enlargements
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Where nerves for upper and lower limbs aris
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Spinal nerves
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-31 pairs of spinal neres (PNS) attach to sinal cord through dorsal and ventral nerve roots
-8: cervical -12: thoracic -5: lumbar -5: sacral -1: coccygeal -Spinal nerves lie in intervertebral foramina |
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Spinal cord segmetns relationship to vertebrae
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-spinal cord segments indicate the region of the spinal cord where spinal nerve fibers emerge (ex: spinal cord segment T is the region where the first thoracic nerve emerges from the spinal cord)
-Since spinal cord doesn't extend to the end of the spinal column, the spinal cord segments are located superior to where their corresponding spinal nerve emerge through the intervertebral foramina -spinanln cord segment T4 is located at the level of vertebra T4 -spinal cord segment S1 is located at the level of vertebra L1 |
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Spinal Cord deep grooves
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-spinal cord is wider laterally than anteroposteriorly
-two deep groves run the length of the cord and partly divide it into right and left halves -dorsal (posterior) median sulcus -wider ventral (anterior) median fissure |
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White matter of spinal cord
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-outer region of the spinal cord
-composed of myelinated and unmyelinated axons (fibers) which allows communication within spinal cord between spinal cord and brain |
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White matter funiculi
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-white matter on each side of spinal cord is divided into funiculi ("long ropes")
-dorsal (posterior) funiculus -Ventral (anterior) funiculus -Lateral funiculus |
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Ascending fibers
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Most carry sensory information from sensory neurons up to the brain
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Descending fibers
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Most carry motor information from the brain to the spinal cord to stiumulate muscle contraction or gland secretion
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