Structures of the Cell and Functions

The organelle taht contains a eukaryotic cell's genetic material.

The complex, double-membrane structure that divides the eukaryotic nucleus from its cytoplasm.

Allows material to move into the nucleus.

A complex nucleoprotein material that composes the chromosomes of eukaryotes.

Irregular-shaped nuclear structure that functions as a ribosome-producing organelle.

Hollow, cylindrical cytoskeletal structures, 25 nm in diameter, whose wall is composed of the protein tubulin. Often act in a supportive capacity.

Hairlike motile organelles that project from the surface of a variety of eukaryotic cells. Essentially the same structure as cilia but present in much fewer numbers.

A structure that resides at the base of the cilium or flagellum and which generates their outer microtubules. Identical in structure to centrioles. Both can give rise to one another.

That part of the endoplasmic reticulum that has ribosomes attached. Functions include synthesis of secretory proteins, lysosomal proteins, integral membrane proteins, and membrane lipids.

Involved in transporting material in and out of the cell or within the cell. Responsible for endocytosis and exocytosis. Some also serve as storage vesicles.

Strong, ropelike cytoskeletal fibers approximately 10 nm in diameter that, depending on the cell type, may be composed of a variety of protein subunits capable of assembling into similar types of filaments. Thought to provide mechanical stability to cells and provide specialized, tissue-specific functions.

Forms spindle fibers to separate chromosomes during cell division.

Site of protein synthesis inside and outside the cell.

Functions vary from cell to cell and include the synthesis of steroid hormones, detoxification of a wide variety of organic compounds, mobilization of glucose from glucose 6-phosphate, and sequestration of calcium ions.

Solid, 8-nm thick, cytoskeletal structures composed of a double-helical polymer of the protein actin. They play a key role in virtually all types of contractility and motility within cells.