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4 ways to control stress responses
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Physical, cognitive, behavioral, and interpersonal techniques
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Definition of coping
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Behavioral and cognitive efforts to master, manage, reduce or tolerate the internal and/or external demands created by stress (continuous attempt)
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what and what affect coping strategy
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Personality and nature of stressor
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Problem-focused coping
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Designed to manage the problem causing the stress (overall better form)
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Problem-focused coping used more by women and men with what?
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Women-family situations
men-work
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When is problem-focused coping best to use?
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When situation is controllable/changable
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Emotion-focused coping
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Designed to regulate negative emotions and distress experienced because of the stressful event
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Emotion-focused coping used more by who?
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Women
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Emotion-focused coping best to use when...
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Situation is controllable
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In what order should coping methods be used generally?
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Emotion, then problem
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4 characteristics of effective coping (Cameron and Meichenbaum)
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1) accurate/adaptive appraisal
2) adequate repertoire of responses/skills
3) deploy appropriate coping responses at appropriate time
4) return to baseline functioning
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3 goals of stress management programs
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1) teach what stress is and how to identify it
2) teach skills and practice them
3) use sills in real life situations and monitor effectiveness
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Stress management programs should be ...
the goal is not to...
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Multifocused
eliminate all stress
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Stress Inoculation Training (Mechenbaum) involves . . .
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Didactic teaching, Socratic discussions, cognitive restructuring, problem solving training, relaxation training, behavioral and imaginal rehearsal, self-monitoring, self-instruction, self-rft, environmental change
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5 techniques to managing arousal
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hypnosis (stoppin bad habits, analgesia for pain)
meditation
imagery techniques (imagining oneself in calm...)
progressive muscle relaxation (how to recognize and relax muscle tension)
physical exercise
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