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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
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What are the four big categories of stain and name the agents used to remove them?
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Tannin stains - acid and tannin formula; protein stains - alkali and protein formula; dryside stains - oily type paint remover (OTPR) and vinyl acetate; soil removers - moisture stock soap.
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What issues can occur when dry cleaning a wet fabric?
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Redisposition of soil, shrinkage, and color loss.
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How do I know if the steam gun is a safe distance from delicate fabrics like silks, chiffons, satins, and taffetas?
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You can hold your hand under the fabric without harm. Same distance for air gun.
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Use of white and black bristle brushes.
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White brushes are used to apply wetside lubricants and black brushes are used for dryside lubricants.
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Proper use of brushes.
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-Tamping, not brushing. - For fine sheers and silks, use a padded brush or wrap a brush in cheese cloth.-Always keep silks and silk-like fabrics straight and flat when brushing.-Brush against ribs on ribbed fabrics; with ribs on corduroy.
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Spatula: What fabrics to use spatula on, which to avoid.
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Spatula causes yarn abrasion or bruises on silks, nylons, and cottons. Spatula works best on napped fabrics and soft fabrics such as wool, cashmere, and acrylic.
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Rust Remover (hydrofluoric acid) - how do we use it?
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-Strongest acid on the spotting board-Removes rust, metallic oxidation, some tannin stains, and ink.-Must test before use because affects some dyes and VERY hazardous on metalic fabrics, trimming, glass.
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Key fabric safety points with Rust Remover (hydrofluoric acid)
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-Must test before use because affects some dyes and VERY hazardous on metalic fabrics, trimming, glass.-May not make contact with skin.-Use a neutralizer (strong alkali) to remove rust remover. MUST BE REMOVED BC CAUSES CHEMICAL BURNS TO WEARER. The best neutralizer is common protein formula. Flush.-Oxalic acid is a less aggressive approach to rust stains.
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Use of oxalic acid
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-Second acid for tannin stains after acetic acid or prepared tannin formula.-Can be a safe rust remover.-Must be tested but safe on most dyes (mild reducing action)-Effective for wine and berry stains.
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Use of acetic acid.
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-Use no higher than 28% concentration (dye safety issue)-First acid for tannin stain removal.-Often more effective on wine or berry stains than other acids.
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Feathering - def.
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A technique for removing rings. It avoids the time needed to prespot, level and clean the garment.
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Feathering procedure
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-Steam the outside of ring, using enough pressure to break up ring.-Wipe each section of ring with a towel. Wipe from center so ring blends into dry area. Make sure wetness spreads out.
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Tannin stains - examples.
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Have source in vegetable matter. Acidic. Examples include black coffee, tea, berries, soft drinks, grass, ketchup, mustard, fruit juices, condiments, nicotine, jams, and jellies.
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Effect of excess heat on tannin stain.
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Stain oxidizes and sets.
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Tannin stains hardest to remove on what kind of fabric?
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Protein fiber.
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