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Modernity
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A stage in the development of society characterised by a belief in science, complex social structure and a complex division of labour
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Postmodernity
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According to postmodernists, this is a new period following modernity. It is distinguished by increased choice and diversity, because of the globalisation made possible by information and communication technology
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Objective
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free from bias or subjectivity; based on fact, not emotion
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Social system
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A set of socially interconnected parts such as institutions
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Functional
prerequisite
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Something that must be in place for society to function effectively
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Pattern variables
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A range of dilemmas that people face in social action
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Deterministic
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An approach that focuses on how a society causes individual behaviour at the expense of explaining individual thought
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Ideology
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A system of ideas or way of thinking pertaining to a class or individual, especially as a basis of some economic or political theory or system, regarding as justifying actions and especially to be maintained irrespective of events
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Equilibrium
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A tendency for a system to a stable and work in harmony
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Manifest function
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The apparent function
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Latent function
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The unintended function
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Exploitation
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Where a capitalist takes from workers part of the value created by them
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Alienation
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A feeling of separateness, of being alone and apart from others; where a worker is denied their essential human nature
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Ideological
start apparatus (ISA)
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A collection of institutions that transmit ideologies to carry on the existing social arrangements
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Hegemony
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The ideological control that the ruling-class elite have over the masses
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