Sociology Key Terms

A2 SociologySCLY4Sociological Theories and Methods

61 cards   |   Total Attempts: 188
  

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Modernity
A stage in the development of society characterised by a belief in science, complex social structure and a complex division of labour
Postmodernity
According to postmodernists, this is a new period following modernity. It is distinguished by increased choice and diversity, because of the globalisation made possible by information and communication technology
Objective
free from bias or subjectivity; based on fact, not emotion
Social system
A set of socially interconnected parts such as institutions
Functional prerequisite
Something that must be in place for society to function effectively
Pattern variables
A range of dilemmas that people face in social action
Deterministic
An approach that focuses on how a society causes individual behaviour at the expense of explaining individual thought
Ideology
A system of ideas or way of thinking pertaining to a class or individual, especially as a basis of some economic or political theory or system, regarding as justifying actions and especially to be maintained irrespective of events
Equilibrium
A tendency for a system to a stable and work in harmony
Manifest function
The apparent function
Latent function
The unintended function
Exploitation
Where a capitalist takes from workers part of the value created by them
Alienation
A feeling of separateness, of being alone and apart from others; where a worker is denied their essential human nature
Ideological start apparatus (ISA)
A collection of institutions that transmit ideologies to carry on the existing social arrangements
Hegemony
The ideological control that the ruling-class elite have over the masses