Seedless Vascular Plants (Unit 4)

Bio 211: Unit 4

22 cards | Total Attempts: 191 | Created by bsweeney | Last updated: Nov 26, 2015 | Total Attempts: 191

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Phyla Included In Seedless Vascular Plants (4)

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Phyla included in Seedless vascular plants (4)	Pteridophyta=ferns Psilophyta=whisk ferns Equisetophyta=horsetails Lycophyta=lycopods, ground pine, club mosses, spike mosses, quillworts All others are extinct (fossils)
Seedless Vascular plants were present around...	~400 MYA Coal has derived from the bodies of these ancient plants
Adaptions for life on land for seedless vascular plants(2 v 2)	Same as bryophytes Multicellular gametangia Embryo development, sporopollenin, flavonoids Adpations not present in Bryophytes.... Desiccation-thick, waxy cuticle that hold water in Have true vascular tissues Phloem-transports sugars Xylem-transports water/mineral nutrients (bigger circles in cross section) Xylem also provides strong support
What is liginin?	Chemical in the cell wall that makes it rigid and woody All vascular plants have this chemical Provides support
Life cycle of Seedless Vascular Plants:	ogamous (large non-motile egg and a smaller motile sperm) Heteromorphic alternation of generations Sporophyte (2N-diploid) is dominant Have to "do it" in the water/rain to fertilize--sperm is motile
Seedless Vascular Plants can be "homosporous". What is that?	One size of spore Potentially bisexual or hermaphroditic gametophytes Example: Many ferns
Seedless Vascular Plants can be "heterosporous". What is that?	Two sizes of spores Unisexual gametophytes
Phylum Pteridophyta Example? Some can be what? What type of -sporous?	Ferns Some can be trees Most are homosporous, but some can be heterosporous
Ferns (Pteridophyta) How many species? Habitats?	~12,000 Especially damp, shady ravines Some found in prairies
Fern Life Cycle
Spores in Homosporous Ferns are produced by what cell division?	Meiosis
Sporangia typically found in clusters called what? And where are they found? What do they do?	Sori Underside of leaves Actively disperse spores
Sperm Gametophyte looks like what shape?	A heart
Young sporophyte (Hepaticophyta-fern)	Will be relatively large and live a long time
What is Antheridiogen? (Hepaticophyta-ferns) Causes later developing gametophytes to be exclusively _______. Promotes out-crossing. What is that? Present in many _____sporous ferns. What does this help promote?	A molecule that's produced and secreted by early maturing gametophytes Male homosporous; genetic variability ??????????