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Human resource management (HRM)
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Set of organizational activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining an effective workforce
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Job analysis
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A detailed study of the specific duties in a particular job and the human qualities required for that job
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Job description
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The objectives, responsibilities, and key tasks of a job; the conditions under which it will be done; its relationship to other positions; and the skills needed to perform it
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Job specification
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The specific skills, education, and experience needed to perform a job
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Replacement chart
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An HR technique that lists each important managerial position, who occupies it, how long he or she will probably stay in it before moving on, and who (by name) is now qualified or soon will be qualified to move into it
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Employee information systems (skills inventories)
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Computerized systems that contain information on each employee's education, skills, work experience, and career aspirations
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Recruiting
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The phase in the staffing of a company in which the firm seeks to develop a pool of interested, qualified applicants for a position
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Internal recruiting
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Considering present employees as candidates for job openings
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External recruiting
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Attracting people outside the organization to apply for jobs
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Internship
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A short-term paid position where students focus on a specific project
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Validation
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The process of determining the predictive value of information
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Assessment centre
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A series of exercises in which management candidates perform realistic management tasks while being observed by appraisers
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Video assessment
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Involves showing potential hires videos of realistic work situations and asking them to choose a course of action to deal with the situation
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Orientation
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The initial acquainting of new employees with the company's policies and programs, personnel with whom they will interact, and the nature of the job
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Work-based programs
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A technique that ties training and development activities directly to task performance
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