Research Test 2

Deductive: general to specificInductive: specific to general

Theoretical Framework: already exists in literature as a mid range theory that has been tested (eg-Orem's or Neumans); serves as a foundation of the studyConceptual framework: researcher devises for that particular study

-Concise, conjectural statement-1 relationship is expressed per hypothesis (studies may have more than one hypothesis)-usually written in a declarative sentence form-written prior to the start of the study in a quantitative design-an Identified population-"goes with" (follows from) the problem and purpose-Is testable- has 1 Independent variable and 1 dependent variable and they are measurable

-Statement that makes a prediciton about an expected outcome-translates purpose statment into prediction of expected results that can be measured-"sets the stage" for study design

-Associative or Causative-Simple or Complex-Directional or Non-Directional-Statistical (Null) or Research

Causal: variable A causes variable BAssociative: relationship between varible A and B so if one changes, then the other chnages in a predictable way BUT are NOT saying they change because variable A causes B or vice versa (uses words like "caused by" or "causes.")

Simple: predicts a relationship between 2 variables Complex: Predicts a relationship between 3 or more variables

-Directional: states nature of the interaction (uses words like More, Less, Greater, Lower, Increase, Decrease)
-Positive Relationship: prediction that variables change in the same direction -Negative Relationship: prediction that variables change in opposite directions -NON-direction: says that a relationship exists but does not predict the nature of the relationship (uses phrase "Is related to" without any qualifiers)

X

Positive: variables change in the same directionNegative: variables change in the opposite direction

J

Research Variables -Are part of the research question (instead of IV or DV that are in hypotheses)-Those characteristics that are mentioned in purpose and observed or measured-observed in natural setting-Terminology used by qualitative studies and descriptive and correlational (quantitative) designs

-are other variables that can possibly affect the results of the study-best to recognize them but may not be obvious-try to control if you can -in quasi-experimental and experimental - acknowledge and control them

Height, age, race, weight, gender. If they are varying in the groups - these may be factors that influence subject responses/data and can influence the outcome rather than the just the independent variable

Conceptual: theoretical meaning and usually very abstract
Operational: defines variable so that it can be MEASURED. makes variable empirical