Research Methods Exam 1

1) Public Policy and Judicial Review 2) Developing and ASsessing the effectiveness of Research Methods 3) Informed Citizens increasingly need knowledge of research methods 4) Many occupations require the use of research findings

1) Description of Behavior 2) Prediction of Behavior 3) Determining Causes of Behavior

Empiricism: Use of objective observations to answer questions about the nature of behavior Falsifiability: Principle that a good scientific idea or theory should be capable of being shown to be false when tested using scientific methods Peer Review: Process of judging by the scientific merit or research through review by other scientists with the expertise to evaluate

-Hypotheses generated are typically not testable -Claims ignore conflicting evidence -Supportive evidence tends to be anecdotal or rely heavily on authorities that are so called experts

Basic seeks to increase our understanding of a phenomena, but not to solve the problem. Applied seeks to find solutions to problems.

An assertion about what is true in a particular situation; often, a statement asserting that two or more variables are related to one another.

IDEA >> Hypothesis >> Design Study >> Conduct Study >> Analyze Data >> Interpret Results >> Report Results >> Refine Hypothesis >> NEW KNOWLEDGE

Abstract: summary or report, info about hypothesis, procedure, broad pattern of results
Intro: Outlines investigated problem, past research and theories relevant, outlines expected results Methods: Overview of design, types of participants, detailed procedure, details of equipment Results: narrative, statistical, tables and graphs Discussion: reviews research from various perspectives

-Man continued to shock crying man because authority said so -may help to explain holocaust

Beneficence: benefits must outweigh risks of study Autonomy: participants must be treated as autonomous, make choices on participation Justice: Treating people with respect and equality

Risks: Mental after-effects, physical harm, protection of privacy Benefits: money, rewards, new treatments, personal satisfaction

1) Institutional approval 2) Informed Consent to Research 3) INformed Consent for Voices and Images 4) Dispensing with INformed COnsent for Research 5)Deception in Research 6) Debriefing 7) Humanity of Animals and People

Situational: environmental effects on individual's results/data Response: how does individual react ? Participant/Subject: Variable specific to individual in study Mediating: 2 variables related by one common variable

Clear definition of exactly what phenomena is being measured

Positive: When one increases, the other does too Negative: When one increases the other decreases Curvilinear: Changes througout time No Relationship: NO patterns