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Continuous
development
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the idea that changes with age occur gradually, in small increments, like that of a pine tree growing taller and taller
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Discontinuous
development:
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The idea that changes with age include occasional large shifts, like the transition from caterpillar to cocoon to a butterfly
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Stage theories:
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Approaches that propose that development involves a series of discontinuous age-related phases
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Cognitive development:
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The development of thinking and reasoning
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Variation:
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Differences in thought and behavior within and among individuals
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Selection:
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The more frequent survival and reproduction of organisms that are well adapted to their environment
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Sociocultural
context:
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the physical, social, cultural, economic, and historical circumstances that make up any child’s environment
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