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Cards In This Set
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What is the author's definition of psychology?
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Study of the mind, science of hehavior and mental processes
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Explain why psychology is a science and not just a matter of opinion and "common sense"
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Science of psychology is based on objective, verifiable evidence
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List and describe the three ways of practicing psychology
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1.Experimental psychologists = perform most of the research2.Teachers of psychology = involve teaching, research and publication3.Allied psychologists = use the knowledge developed by experimental psychologists to tackle human problems
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Name some specialties in which psychologists are employee
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Education, industry, sports, prisons, government, churches, temples, private practice
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What is the difference between a psychologist (1) and a psychiatrist? (2)
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(1) human behavior & mental processes(2) medical speciatly, are licensed to prescribe medicines and perform other medical procedures
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What is critical thinking?
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Reasonable reflective thinking focused on deciding what to believe or do, willingness to imagine or remain open to considering alternative perspectives
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What is pseudo-psychology?
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Unsupported psychological beliefs masquerading as scientific truth
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List the dangers of pseudo-psychology.
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False information
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What are the 6 critical thinking skills outlined in your text
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1.what is the source?2.is the claim reasonable or extreme?3.what is the evidence?4.could bias contaminate the conclusion?5.does the reasoning avoid common fallacies?6.does the issue require multiple perspectives that cannot be but to an objective & imparcial test?
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1.What is emotional bias? 2.What is confirmation bias? 3.do you have any examples?
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1.the tendency to make judgements based on attitudes and feelings, rather than on the basis of a rational analysis of the evidence.ex: believing your friend is innocent even if there is proof otherwise.2.the tendency to attend to evidence that compliments and confirms our beliefs or expectations, while ignoring evidence that does not.ex:if you were a judge in a divorce case, you may tend to award custody to the women if you are one even if she isn't the best choice.
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Name the 5 steps of the scientific method.
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1.developing a hypotheses2.gathering objective data3.analyzing the results4.publishing, criticizing and replicating the results5.conclusion
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Define empirical investigation.
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Approach to research that relies on experience and sensory observation as research data.
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What is a hypothesis?
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Statement predicting the outcome of a scientific study; a statement predicting the relationship among variables in a study.
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What is a theory?
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Testable explanation for a set of facts or observations. In science, a theory is not just spectulation or a guess.
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What is the difference between the independent and dependent variable?
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Independent variable = stimulus condition so named because the experiment changes it independly of all the other carefully controlled experimental conditions.Dependent variable = the measured outcome of a study; the responses of the subjects in a study.
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