Front | Back |
Coronal section
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A “slice” of brain oriented as face-to-face; mnemonically, as though you are seeing a corona or halo around someone's head |
Sagittal section
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A slice of brain oriented side-to-side, as looking at someone's head ear-on |
Horizontal section
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A slice of brain oriented as looking down at the top of someone's head |
Brainstem
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The most primitive part of the brain, it consists of several structures important for regulating activity in the rest of the brain, and providing basic life support functions. |
Midbrain
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Regulating movement, reward, as well as important areas involved in early auditory processing and visual orienting. |
Pons
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"Bridges" the cerebellum and cerebrum. Alertness and sleep, and important motor relays. |
Medulla
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Basic, vital functions such as heart beat and breathing. // the part of the brain closest to the spinal cord that serves basic functions |
Thalamus
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The largest part of the diencephalon, this midline structure is a major relay and early processing station for all sensory input (besides olfaction). It also contains other nuclei that play various roles in modulating higher brain function // an area of the brain that serves as a relay station for incoming sensory information |
Hypothalamus
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Another part of the diencephalon, this nucleus of cells is critically involved in many "lower level" functions, often colloquially and collectively referred to as the "Four F's:" feeding, fighting, fleeing, and, well, mating. It is the major source of the sympathetic nervous system, and also involved in regulating hormones. The pituitary gland (the master gland of the body) is attached to the hypothalamus and interacts with it.// brain structure important for motivation and control of the endocrine system |
Cerebellum
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Involved in motor coordination and motor learning, as well as a role in cognition. // part of the brain, near the back of the head, important for motor coordination |
Cerebrum
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Overlays all other brain structures and is by far the largest part of the human brain. |
Cerebral cortex
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The outer portion of the cerebrum The cortex is composed of many convolutions which help to increase its surface area. |
Frontal cortex
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Involved in generating body movement, planning, personality, deliberative cognition, attention, language production, and working memory (keeping things "in mind").// lobe of the neocortex involved in many functions including movement and speech production |
Primary motor cortex
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Posterior area of the frontal lobe responsible for planned motor movement |
Parietal cortex
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Involved in somatosensation (touch and bodily sensation), spatial orientation, attention, and complex associations. // lobe of the neocortex involved in processing information related to touch and complex visual information, especially about locations |