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Cards In This Set
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Psychology
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The mental processes of behavior
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Social and natural sciences
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Natural sciences: law of nature (brain, physiology)
social: law of thoughts, feelings, behavior |
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The sub-fields of psychology
-social -developmental -clinical/counseling -personality -psychobiology, neuropsychology -cognitive |
S-interactions
d-maturation and learning c-understanding/treating abnormal behavior p-individual dispositions, interacting with env. p,n- biological structures underlying behavior cog- how people process information |
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Problems with non-scientific ways of knowing:
personal experience (small samples, hypothesis confirmation, availability, illusory correlations, biased perceptions, false consensus) authority consensus common sense faith --the experimental evidence for these problems |
Overall problems
--no control group --no systematic observations/exploration of other possibility p.e.-it happened to me! -very compelling. problems --s.s. small # of experiences --h.c. looking for info that confirm beliefs, disregard that that does not (health effects of marijuana- opinion became more extreme after receiving information from both sides) --a. availability not suggesting base rate. (letters starting with d vs. letters with d in middle) -- i.c. false correlations detected when noticeable or match beliefs (relationship between weight and happiness)(paranoid patients draw pictures with big eyes) --b.p. first/initial impressions bias future impressions (joe- warm/cold) --f.c. overestimation of how similar others are to you (over/underestimated embarrassing incidents according to how likely they were to do it.)(would you wear REPENT sign?) a-someone told me! problems --biases con.-lots of people think so! problems --truth isn't always popular comm.- duh! obvious! problems --hindsight bias --counter intuitive results f-belief w/out proof |
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Characteristics of science: (and method)
verifiable public cumulative objective |
Method: propose, test, compare
v--findings can be confirmed/replicated p--open to criticism/refutation c--body of knowledge o--not influenced by personal belief |
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Experimental, naturalistic, and correlational designs
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E-precise definition of variables
n- |
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Systematic observations
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Something that can be measured
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Random assignment
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Randomly selected
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Cell phone study
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Yes, more than radio
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Why the brain is important
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Underlies mental processes and behavior
understanding brain = understanding mind structure and form = function |
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Cerebral cortex
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Outer most layer of brain
--grey matter: cell bodies, outer layer of brain --white matter: fatty mylin of neurons, inner portion |
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Brain anatomy (cerebral lobes ((occipital, temporal, parietal, frontal)), hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum, hemispheres)
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 Identify! |
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Cerebral lobes:
occipital temporal parietal fromtal |
Occ: vision
temp: auditory, lauguage, face recognition, "what processing" pari: touch, spacial processing front: personality |
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Hippocampus
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Learning and memory, long term storage
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Amygdala
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Emotion regulator, rewards, familiarity, safely
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