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Bar graph
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Using bars to depict frequencies of responses, percentages, or means in two or more groups
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Central tendency
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Single number or value that describes the typical or central score among a set of scores
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Correlation coefficient
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Index of how strongly two variables are related to each other
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Criterion variable
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Outcome variable that is predicted in correlational research
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Descriptive statistics
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Statistical measures that describe the results of a study; descriptive statistics include measure of central tendency (eg. mean), variability (eg. standard deviation), and correlation (eg. Pearson r)
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Effect size
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Extent to which two variables are associated. in experimental research, the magnitude of the impact of the independent variable on the dependent variable
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Frequency distribution
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Arrangement of a set of scores from lowest to highest that indicated the number of times each score was obtained.
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Frequency polygons
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Graphic display of frequency distribution in which frequency of each score is plotted on vertical axis, with the plotted points connected by straight lines
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Interval scales
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Scale of measurement in which the intervals between numbers on the scale are all equal in size
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Mean
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Measure of central tendency, obtained by summing scores and then dividing the sum by the number of scores
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Median
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Measure of central tendency, the middle score in a distribution of scores that divides the distribution in half
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Mode
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Measure of central tendency; the most frequent score in a distribution of scores
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Multiple correlation
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Correlation between one variable and combined set of of predictor variables
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Nominal scales
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Scale of measurement with two or more categories that have no numerical (less than, greater than) properties
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Ordinal scales
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Scale of measurement in which the measurement categories form a rank order along a continuum
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