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What are the four common goals of assessment in clinical psychology?
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-diagnosis-description-treatment planning-prediction
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How dominant is the activity of assessment in clinical psychology today?
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No longer the primary activity, as it has now been replaced by psychotherapy, but it still plays an important role.
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What is the referral source?
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The person or agency requesting the psychological assessment
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What is the referral question?
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The question or issue to be addressed in the assessment
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What is the general sequence events in the clinical assessment process?
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I. Receive and clarify the referral questionII. Plan data collection proceduresIII. Collect assessment dataIV. Process data and form conclusionsV. Communicate assessment results
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Why is the referral question so important?
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It shapes the clinician's choice of assessment instruments, interpretation of results, and communication of results
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What responsibilities does the clinician have with regards to the referral question?
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S/he must often help referral sources clarify the purpose of the assessment - the clearer the question, the better chance the clinician has at reaching an answer.
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What are the four main sources of assessment data?
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- Interviews- Behavioral observation- Psychological tests- Case history data
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What are some factors clinicians must take into account when choosing an assessment instrument?
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-Psychometric properties (reliability, validity)-characteristics of clients-time-context
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Do clinicians prefer a single source of assessment data, or multiple sources? Why?
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Multiple sources are best, because they can cross-validate information and paint a more complete picture of the client.They can also help clinicians better evaluate the effects of treatment.
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What is difficult about the processing task?
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It requires a mental leap to go from raw data to conclusions based on those data. Elaborate inference based on limited data is especially dangerous.Also info must be combined from various sources.Clinical judgment necessary.
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What is essential for the assessment report?
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It should be clearly written and clearly related to the goal that prompted the assessment.
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Why is psychodiagnosis important?
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1) Treatment: proper treatment depends on knowing what exactly is 'wrong' with the client
2) Research: valid and reliable identification of disorders, and differentiation of one disorder from another, is necessary for research 3) Professional shorthand: classification allows clinicians to efficiently communicate with one another about disorders |
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What led to the formalization of the classification of mental disorders?
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Publishing of the first DSM by the APA in 1952
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What essential attribute were the DSM-I and DSM-II missing?
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Clear rules guiding mental health professionals' diagnostic decisions --> as a result diagnoses sometimes varied considerably from one clinician to the next.
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