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Capacity to change.
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Plasticity
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Produce changes in an individual's physical nature.
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Biological Processes
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Refer to changes in the individual's thought, intelligence, and language.
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Cognitive Processes
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Involve changes in the individual's relationships with other people, changes in emotions, and changes in personality.
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Socioemotional Processes
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Systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a coherent framework for studying development.
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Developmental Theories
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Interprets human development in terms of motives and drives, has made us aware of importance of early childhood experiences.
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Psychoanalytic Theory
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Emphasis on ways that individuals manipulate information, monitor it, and strategize about it. Individuals develop a gradually increasing capacity for information, which allows them to acquire increasingly complex knowledge and skills.
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Information-Processing Theory
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Studies groups differing in age but sharing other important characteristics (education, SES, ethnicity)
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Cross-Sectional Research
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Studies individuals over a long period; valuable developmental information from these studies.
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Longitudinal Research
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Studies several groups of people at different ages, then follows these groups longitudinally.
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Cross-Sequential Research
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Cognitive/ Stage (through adolescence)
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Piaget
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Psychosocial/ Stage (through adolescence)
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Freud
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Psychosocial/ Stage (throughout lifespan)
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Erikson
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Cognitive/ Continuous
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Vygotksy/ Information-Processing
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The way that we reason and come to know the world changes from one developmental stage to the next.
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Piaget
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