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What type of departmentalization organizes work and workers into separate units responsible for particular business functions or areas of expertise?
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Functional
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What are some advantages of functional departmentalization?
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Work done by highly skilled specialists, lower costs through reduced duplication, communication and coordination problems are lessened
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What are some disadvantages of functional departmentalization?
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Cross-department coordination can be difficult, may lead to slower decision making, produces managers with narrow experiences
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What kind of departmentalization organizes work and workers into separate units responsible producing particular products or services?
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Product
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What are the advantages of product departmentalization?
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Managers specialize, but have broader experiences, easier to assess work-unit performance, decision-making is faster
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What are the disadvantages of product departmentalization?
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Duplication of activities, difficult to coordinate across departments
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What kind of departmentalization organizes work and workers into separate units responsible for doing business in particular geographic areas?
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Geographic
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What are the advantages of geographic departmentalization?
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Responsive to the demands of different market areas, unique resources, located close to the customer
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What are the disadvantages of geographic departmentalization?
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Duplication of resources, difficult to coordinate across departments
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The right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command is defined as what?
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Line authority
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The right to advise but not command others who are not subordinates?
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Staff authority
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The assignment of direct authority and responsibility to a subordinate to complete tasks for which the manager is normally responsible is defined as what?
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Delegation of authority
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The process of solving problems by consistently applying the same rules, procedures, and processes is defined as what?
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Standardization
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The location of a significant amount of authority in the lowest levels of organization is defined as what?
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Decentralization
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What are some characteristics of job specialization?
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A job that is a small part of a larger task or process; jobs are simple, easy to learn, and economical
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