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Cards In This Set
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For 1000 of years farmers and herders have been
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Selectively breeding their plants and animals to produce useful hybrids
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Knowledge of genetic mechanisms finally came
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As a result of careful lab breeding experiments carried out over last century and a half
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By the invention of better microscope in 1890
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Allowed the biologist to discover fact of cell division and sexual reproduction
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The focus of genetic research was the shifted to
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Understanding what really happens in the transmission of hereditary traits from parents to children
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A number of hypothesis were suggested
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To explain heredity
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But George Mendel, a Central European monk
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Was the only one who got it more or less right
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His idea was published in
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1866
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But largely went unrecognised
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Until 1900
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His early adult life was spent
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Doing basic genetics research and teaching high school mathematics physics and Greek in Brno
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In his later years he became
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Abbot of his monastery and put aside his scientific work
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While mendel’s research was with
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Plants
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The basic principle of heredity that he discovered was
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Applicable to people and animals because the mechanism of heredity are essentially the same for all complex life forms
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Through the cross breeding of pea plant(Pisum Sativum) over many generations
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He discovered that certain traits show up in off spring without any blending of parental characteristics
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For eg the pea flower is either
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Purple or white in colour
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The intermediate colours do not appear in the
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Off spring of cross pollinated pea plants
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