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Although some energy obtained frombreakdown of
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Glucosetopyruvateby pathways
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More energy is released when
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Pyruvate is degradedaerobically toCO2in entner doudoroff pathway
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Multienzyme systemcalledpyruvate dehydrogenase complexfirst oxidizes
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Pyruvateto formCO2 and acetyl coenzymeA
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Energy rich moleculecoenzymeAand acetic acidjoined by
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High energythiol Ester bond
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Acetyl-CoAarises from catabolism of
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Carbohydrates lipids andamino acids
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It can be further degraded in
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Tricarboxylic acid cycle
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The substrate forTCA cycle citric acid cycle Orkrebs cycle is
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Acetyl-CoA
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Cycle now enters 4 carbon stageduring whichtwo oxidation steps yield
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One FADH2one NADHper acetyl-CoA
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In addition GTPis producedfrom
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Succinyl-CoAbyphosphorylation
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Eventually oxaloacetateis reformed and ready to join another
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Acetyl-CoA
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To each CoA molecule
oxidised it generates |
2 CO23NADHs1FADH21GTP
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This cycleoxidizes
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Acetyl-CoAtoCO2
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In first stepacetyl groupis attached to
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Acetyl carrieroxaloacetateto formcitrate
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Second stagebegins with
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Citrateand ends in theformation ofsuccinyl-CoA
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Acetyl carrier portion of citrateloses
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Two carbonswhen oxidizedand gives2CO2
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