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Related Flashcards
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Cards In This Set
| Front | Back |
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What is involve in Electoral Participation?
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- Expansion of franchise
- Obstacle to voting |
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what defines expansion of franchise?
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Suffrage - the right to vote
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what are the obstacle of voting?
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- institutional rules (systematic reasons for lower turn out than other developed democracies)
- Registration Rules - Time of election - Frequency of Elections - Majoritarian Electoral System |
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what are the demographic characteristics i political participation?
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Age, Generation, Education, Income, Occupation, Residential contex, Sex, Participation level, Socialization, Race & Ethnicity
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what is antony downs theory and what year?
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(1957)
V=PB - C |
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What is rikerd ordeshook own theory and what year ?
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(1968)
V=PB - C + D |
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What does V,P,B,C,D, stand for?
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V= lieklihood the individual wil vote
P= probability of individuals vote mattering B= benefit gained from electoral outcome C= the cost of voting D= civic duty |
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What determins voters choice?
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Party attachment
Candidate evaluations Issues |
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How do voters vote based on party attachment?
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- candidates choose candidates from thier own party, assuming that they are relatively close to their issue position.
- voters rely heavily on party attachment in making their decisions - and also because it reduces the cost of voting |
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Where dose party attachment come from?
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- primarily through political socialization
(2/3 of the popilation has the same party attachment pf their parents) - it is relatated to socio-economic status (SES) party attachment precedes cognition psychological attachment gains strenght overtime - through retrospective partisans some people keep a running tally " of (retrospective evaluations of the two parties, which they use to determine their party attachment.) |
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What are the three ways people vote based on candidate evaluation?
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- prospective and retrospective evaluations
- trait evaluations and affect - affect attitudes towards candidates |
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Define Prospective and Retrospective Evaluation
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Voters baise their vote choice on what they think a candidate will do in the future (prospective evaluation)
or what they have done in the past (retrospective evaluation) |
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Between prospective and retrospective evaluation which one is mostly used and why?
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Retrospective is mostly use (especially with incumbents) because they are easier.
there are two types of retrospective evaluation. |
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what are the two types of retrospective evauation and what do they mean?
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SRE(simple retrospective evaluation) - simple evaluation of candidates past performance.
MRE(mediated retrospective evaluations) - evaluations of a candidates performance which are mediated one's own partisanse predispositions |
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Define Trait evaluations
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Voters are influenced by how well they think candidates adhere to "ideal" leader traits- ex. Honesty, integrity, hard working, strong leader, compassionate, etc)
the extend to which voters believe candidates posses these traits inlfluences whether they vote for them. |
