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Cards In This Set
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The
Villanelle
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Aba rhyme
scheme
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19 lines
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5 stanzas with three lines, one stanza with
four lines (total of 6 stanzas)
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First line of first stanza is repeated as the
last line of 2nd and 4th stanza
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Third line of first stanza is repeated as the
last line of the 3rd and 5th stanzas
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Usually iambic pentameter
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Line 18 = first line of poem
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Line 19 = third line of poem
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Italian origins
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Jean Passerat: French poet
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The
Sonnet:
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Started in Sicily ----> England
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14 lines
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Usually iambic
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Two kinds of sonnets: Petrarchan and
Shakespearean
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Petrarchan: has octave of 8 lines and sestet
of 6 (8+6=14)
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Octave rhyme scheme: ababcdcd
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Sestet rhyme scheme: cdecde
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Shakespearean: no octave/sestet structure
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Final couplet is a defining feature
Rhyme
scheme: ababcdcdefefgg
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Blank
Verse:
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Iambic line with ten stresses and five beats
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Unrhymed
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Associated with dramatic speech and epic
poetry
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Poetic form closest to human speech
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Italian Literature origins -----> English
poetry (Henry Howard inventor)
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Italy---->EnglandChristopher
Marlowe
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Meters
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a pattern of
stressed sounds
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meter means "measure" in Greek
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three types of meters: Accentual Meter,
Syllabic Meter, Accentual-Syllabic Meter
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Accentual Meter/"stress
meter"/"strong meter"
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stresses are counted and syllables are varied
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commonly used in ballads and nursery rhymes
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Meter Syllabic
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syllables are counted and stresses are varied
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the force is most easily seen on the page
(creates visual contract with the reader)
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Accentual-Syllabic Meter/"Feet"
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both accents and syllables are measured and
counted
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most popular meter used in England
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Feet: patterns of stressed and unstressed
(creates variations, musical effects, pauses, dissonance)
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"Feet"
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Basic definition: stressed + unstressed
syllables = foot
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The Elegy
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It is a lament; mourns for a dead person
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Lists characteristics of dead person and seeks
consolation beyond this momentary event
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It is not associated with any required pattern
or repetition
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Ode
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A formal, ceremonious lyric poem, often used
to address a person
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Pindaric ode (ancient version of the ode)
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Open Form
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No patterns or repeated lines
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no identifiable patterns of rhyme, rhythm, meter
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Elizabeth Bishop
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Author of “One Art”—author lost her mother and
her fatherpoem about: its easy to lose things (big and small)form: villanelle
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Do Not Go Gentle
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by Dylan Thomas (put up a fight, don’t just
die—to author’s sick and dying father)villanelle
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James Merrill
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The World and the Child
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(kid isn’t really a kid, but not yet an adult
but wants to be an adult and hang out with them)villanelle
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By the Sound
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By John Hollandervillanelle"I was living by the sound", the sounds are darkand glum
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