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Related Flashcards
Cards In This Set
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Define Bulk Blow and give examples
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Bulk flow is particles moving from areas of high to low pressure. It is nonrandom. Examples include the heart, circulatory system, urinary system, etc.
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Explain the terms of the bulk flow equation? When is bulk flow equal to zero?
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Bulk flow is equal to the constant (measured by viscosity,shape of container, and material) x (P1-P2). BF is equal to zero when the pressures are at equilibrium (same)
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Define diffusion and give examples
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Diffusion is the movement of particles from high to low concentration. It is random, and it moves particles very slowly across short distances.
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What are three factors that influence the rate of diffusion?
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Mass, temperature, and concentration. Temperature is directly proportional, and mass is inversely proportional.
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What is another name for the rate of diffusion
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Flux
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Define concentration gradient. How do particles move along the concentration gradient during diffusion?
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Concentration gradient is the difference between high and low concentrations. Particles move down the concentration gradient.
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What are the differences between bulk flow and diffusion?
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Bulk Flow: Pressure, moves particles from high to low very quickly across far distances, and it is nonrandom.
Diffusion: Concentration, moves particles across a short distance very slowly, and it is random |
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Define Flux. Write out and explain the one way flux equation. When is the one way flux equal to zero?
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FLux is the number of particles crossing the plane (diffusion rate). One way flux will never equal to zero.
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Explain the net flux equation. Under what circumstances does net flux equal to zero?
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Net flux is equal to the constant x the concentration. The net flux is equal to zero when diffusion equilibrium is reached. That is when there is an equal concentration in both compartments and there is a one for one exchange.
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Explain the net flux through the cell membrane. One one term differs in the equation from the net flux equation?
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Net Flux through the cell membrane depends on mass, temperature, surface area and permeability (C1-C2).
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What does the permeability constant indicate?
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The ease at which a particle can diffuse through the cell membrane.
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What are the charges on the following particles; atoms, ions, polar molecules, nonpolar molecules.
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Atom- no chargeIon- negative or positivePolar molecules- positive end and negative end (water)Non-polar molecules- no charge (fat, oxygen, carbon)
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What are the permeability constants for the following; ions, polar molecules, nonpolar molecules, proteins?
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Ions- low permeabilityPolar molecules- low permeabilityNonpolar molecules- high permeabilityProteins- low permeability
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Explain the fluid mosaic model
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Be able to explain - surrounded by phospholipids that have ion channels, etc.
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Define mediated transport
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When a particle has to be helped through the cell membrane that otherwise wouldn't of been able to get through. Example, amino acids, glucose, etc.
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